对于LNMP的安装，我们可以选择两种方式：（1）LNMP的一键安装；（2）单独的包安装

一、LNMP一键安装

LNMP代表的就是Linux下Nginx、MySQL、PHP这种网站服务器架构，LAMP代表Linux下Apache、MySQL、PHP这种网站服务器架构，LNMP和LAMP的差别在于服务器Nginx和Apache，下面来看看nginx的优点：

• 作为 Web 服务器：相比 Apache，Nginx 使用更少的资源，支持更多的并发连接，体现更高的效率。
• 作为负载均衡服务器：Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持 Rails 和 PHP，也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器 对外进行服务。Nginx 用 C 编写, 不论是系统资源开销还是 CPU 使用效率都比 Perlbal 要好的多。
• 作为邮件代理服务器: Nginx 同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器），Last.fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验。
• Nginx 安装非常的简单，配置文件 非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法），Bugs非常少的服务器: Nginx 启动特别容易，并且几乎可以做到7*24不间断运行，即使运行数个月也不需要重新启动。你还能够在 不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级

一键安装过程：

      系统需求:

• 需要2 GB硬盘剩余空间

        128M以上内存,OpenVZ的建议192MB以上 安装前建议先运行screen

     安装步骤:

• 1、下载LNMP一键安装包： 可以选择使用下载版(推荐国外或者美国VPS使用)或者完整版(推荐国内VPS使用)，如果使用下载版执行命令 wget -c http://soft.vpser.net/lnmp/lnmp0.7.tar.gz ，如果使用完整版，执行命令 wget -c http://soft.vpser.net/lnmp/lnmp0.7-full.tar.gz ，执行上述命令后LNMP一键安装包就会被下载到VPS上。

 

• 2、解压一键安装包： 执行tar zxvf lnmp0.7.tar.gz 或者tar zxvf lnmp0.7-full.tar.gz 就会将LNMP一键安装包解压缩。
• 3、CentOS下安装步骤 下载版执行命令 cd lnmp0.7/ ，完整版执行命令：cd lnmp0.7-full/ 然后再执行./centos.sh 也可以执行./centos.sh | tee lnmp.log (推荐这种方式,出错时可以到论坛上传lnmp.log日志)，输入要绑定的域名(建议使用一个二级域名,该域名会绑定到/home/wwwroot/)，回车，再输入要设置的MySQL root的密码，回车，提示"Press any key to start..."，按任意键开始安装。程序会自动安装编译Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、Zend这几个软件。
• 4、Debian下安装步骤 下载版执行命令 cd lnmp0.7/ ，完整版执行命令：cd lnmp0.7-full/ 然后执行./debian.sh 也可以执行./debian.sh | tee lnmp.log (推荐这种方式,出错时可以到论坛上传lnmp.log日志)，输入要绑定的域名(建议使用一个二级域名,该域名会绑定到/home/wwwroot/)，回车，再次输入VPS/服务器所在位置：asia、america、europe、oceania或africa，回车，再输入要设置的MySQL root的密码，回车，提示"Press any key to start..."，按任意键开始安装。程序会自动安装编译Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、Zend这几个软件。
• 5、Ubuntu下安装步骤 下载版执行命令 cd lnmp0.7/ ，完整版执行命令：cd lnmp0.7-full/ 然后执行./ubuntu.sh 也可以执行./ubuntu.sh | tee lnmp.log (推荐这种方式,出错时可以到论坛上传lnmp.log日志)，输入要绑定的域名(建议使用一个二级域名,该域名会绑定到/home/wwwroot/)，回车，再输入要设置的MySQL root的密码，回车，提示"Press any key to start..."，按任意键开始安装。程序会自动安装编译Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、Zend这几个软件。

  安装其他组件

  1、安装eAccelerator，执行如下命令：./eaccelerator.sh 就会自动安装并重启web服务。 2、安装ionCube，执行如下命令：./ionCube.sh 就会自动安装并重启web服务。 3、安装PureFTPd和管理面板，执行如下命令：./pureftpd.sh 按提示输入你MySQL的root密码、FTP用户管理面板的密码、MySQl的FTP数据库密码(可直接回车，自动生成一个密码)，回车确认，就会自动安装PureFTPd，安装完PureFTPd，在浏览器执行http://你的域名或IP/ftp/ 输入你前面设置的FTP用户管理面板的密码，就可以管理。 4、安装VsFTPD，执行如下命令：./vsftpd.sh 就会自动安装上vsftpd，只需要执行命令：useradd -d /home/wwwroot -s /sbin/nologin adminftp 添加上帐号指定好ftp帐号的根目录，再执行：passwd adminftp 设置上密码，登录就可以了。 5、安装memcache，先安装libevent，安装memcached，同时需要安装中指定libevent的安装位置，安装PHP的memcache扩展

• 虚拟主机管理

  1、添加虚拟主机，执行如下命令：/root/vhost.sh 根据提示输入要绑定的域名，回车，如果需要添加更多的域名，输入y，再输入要另外绑定的域名，多个域名可以用空格隔开。再输入域名绑定的目录(绝对目录，如/home/wwwroot/lnmp，如果不填默认是/home/wwwroot/绑定的域名)，再选择是否添加伪静态规则，默认已经有了Discuz、Wordpress、Sablog、emlog、dabr，可直接输入以上名称即可，如果需要添加自定义伪静态规则，直接输入一个想要的名字，程序会自动创建伪静态文件，直接在/usr/local/nginx/conf/你自定义的伪静态名字.conf 里面添加伪静态规则就行。接下来会提示是否需要启用日志功能，一般情况下不需要启动，直接输入n就行，如需启动，输入y，再输入要定义的日志文件名字，回车就会自动添加虚拟主机。 2、删除虚拟主机，ssh执行：rm /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/域名.conf

  状态管理

  LNMP状态管理： /root/lnmp {start|stop|reload|restart|kill|status}
• Nginx状态管理：/etc/init.d/nginx {start|stop|reload|restart}
• PHP-FPM状态管理：/etc/init.d/php-fpm {start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate}
• PureFTPd状态管理： /etc/init.d/pureftpd {start|stop|restart|kill|status}
• MySQL状态管理：/etc/init.d/mysql {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}

  相关图形界面程序

  phpinfo : http://前面输入的域名或IP/phpinfo.php
• phpMyAdmin : http://前面输入的域名或IP/phpmyadmin/
• 探针 : http://前面输入的域名或IP/p.php
• PureFTP管理界面：http://前面输入的域名或IP/ftp/

  LNMP相关目录

  nginx : /usr/local/nginx
• mysql : /usr/local/mysql
• php : /usr/local/php
• 网站目录: /home/wwwroot/
• Nginx日志目录：/home/wwwlogs/

  LNMP相关配置文件

  Nginx主配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
• MySQL配置文件：/etc/my.cnf
• PHP配置文件：/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
• PureFtpd配置文件：/usr/local/pureftpd/pure-ftpd.conf
• PureFtpd MySQL配置文件：/usr/local/pureftpd/pureftpd-mysql.conf

 

二、单独安装包

一、从软件的官方网站下载软件包：

mkdir -p /data0/software

cd /data0/software

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz

wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.14.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.he.net/

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz

wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget http://blog.lamphelp.org/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.3.0.tgz 

 

 

二、安装PHP 5.2.14（FastCGI模式）

1.编译安装 PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../


2.编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3
(1)

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.3-m3/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cd ../

(2) 创建MySQL数据库存放目录
mkdir -p /media/raid10/mysql/3306/data/
mkdir -p /media/raid10/mysql/3306/binlog/
mkdir -p /media/raid10/mysql/3306/relaylog/
chown -R mysql:mysql /media/raid10/mysql/

注意:因为要存放数据库文件，所以我把 这些文件，存放在 RAID10的设备上
实现 软RAID10,可以查看之前的文章共三篇
http://blog.csdn.net/longxibendi/archive/2011/04/20/6336912.aspx
http://blog.csdn.net/longxibendi/archive/2011/04/20/6336921.aspx
http://blog.csdn.net/longxibendi/archive/2011/04/20/6336947.aspx

(3).以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/media/raid10/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql

(4).创建my.cnf配置文件
vi /media/raid10/mysql/3306/my.cnf

[client]
character-set-server = utf8
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-ignore-db = test
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
user = mysql
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
datadir = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/data
log-error = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/mysql_error.log
pid-file = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/mysql.pid
open_files_limit = 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 5000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
join_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size = 300
#thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 20M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 20M
max_heap_table_size = 20M
long_query_time = 3
log-slave-updates
log-bin = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/binlog/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format = MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 20M
relay-log-index = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog
relay-log-info-file = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog
relay-log = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog
expire_logs_days = 30
key_buffer_size = 10M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 6M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 20M
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover

interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120

skip-name-resolve
#master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396

#master-host = 192.168.1.2
#master-user = username
#master-password = password
#master-port = 3306

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:56M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 20M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0

#log-slow-queries = /media/raid10/mysql/3306/slow.log
#long_query_time = 10

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

注意:由于用的虚拟机，只分配了512M内存，所以，相应的参数配置的很小。根据自己需求配置

(5).创建一个shell脚本，管理MySQL
vi /media/raid10/mysql/3306/mysql
输入以下内容(这里的用户名是admin 密码是 12345678 ,接下来会创建这个用户并授权)

#!/bin/sh

mysql_port=3306
mysql_username="admin"
mysql_password="12345678"

function_start_mysql()
{
printf "Starting MySQL.../n"
/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/media/raid10/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}

function_stop_mysql()
{
printf "Stoping MySQL.../n"
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}

function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL.../n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 5
function_start_mysql
}

function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
function_start_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
function_stop_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
printf "Usage: /media/raid10/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}/n"
fi

(6).赋予shell脚本 mysql 执行权限

chmod +x /media/raid10/mysql/3306/mysql

(7).启动MySQL

/media/raid10/mysql/3306/mysql start

(8).通过以下命令登录管理MySQL服务器(提示输入密码直接回车,这是用root登录的)

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

(9).输入以下SQL语句，用于创建一个具有root权限的用户 ,用户名是 上面提到的 admin 密码 是 12345678

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

因为接下来要安装wordpress,所以最好再加一条

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'172.29.141.112' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

注意:
这里的 172.29.141.112 是允许 连接 MySQL服务器的客户端IP地址 ；
*.* 表示 所有 库和所有表 比如 blog.wordpress 表示 blog库的wordpress表

最后再加上

flush privileges ;

(10).停止 MySQL (可选)
/media/raid10/mysql/3306/mysql stop

或者用 root 停止

3.编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式)
tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1
cd php-5.2.14/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

4.编译安装PHP5扩展模块
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cd imagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

5.修改php.ini文件

手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"

再查找output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On

再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。


自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：
sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"/nextension = "memcache.so"/nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"/nextension = "imagick.so"/n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

6.配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

7.创建www用户和组，以及供blog虚拟主机使用的目录：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /media/raid10/htdocs/blog
chmod +w /media/raid10/htdocs/blog
chown -R www:www /media/raid10/htdocs/blog
mkdir -p /media/raid10/htdocs/www
chmod +w /media/raid10/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /media/raid10/htdocs/www

8.创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

<section name="global_options">

Pid file
<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

Error log file
<value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

Log level
<value name="log_level">notice</value>

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
<value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

Set to 'no' to debug fpm
<value name="daemonize">yes</value>

</section>

<workers>

<section name="pool">

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
<value name="name">default</value>

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

<value name="listen_options">

Set listen(2) backlog
<value name="backlog">-1</value>

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
<value name="owner"></value>
<value name="group"></value>
<value name="mode">0666</value>
</value>

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
<value name="php_defines">
<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
<value name="display_errors">0</value>
</value>

Unix user of processes
<value name="user">www</value>

Unix group of processes
<value name="group">www</value>

Process manager settings
<value name="pm">

Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
<value name="style">static</value>

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
<value name="max_children">128</value>

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
<value name="apache_like">

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="StartServers">20</value>

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

</value>

</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

The log file for slow requests
<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

Set open file desc rlimit
<value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>

Set max core size rlimit
<value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chroot"></value>

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chdir"></value>

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
<value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
<value name="max_requests">1024</value>

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
<value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
<value name="environment">
<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
<value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
<value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
<value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
</value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

9.启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为128（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

注意：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。

四.安装Nginx 0.8.46

1.安装Nginx所需的pcre库:

tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.10/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

2.安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.46/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

3.创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /media/raid10/logs
chmod +w /media/raid10/logs
chown -R www:www /media/raid10/logs

4.创建Nginx配置文件
(1)在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容：
user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /media/raid10/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this pro
cess.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name 172.29.141.112 ;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /media/raid10/htdocs/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*/.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

location ~ .*/.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}

location ~ .*/.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /media/raid10/logs/access.log access;
}

}


(2).在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

输入以下内容：

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

5.启动Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

五.配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
vi /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容：

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

六.优化Linux内核参数

具体参考http://blog.csdn.net/longxibendi/archive/2011/04/23/6343686.aspx
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# http://blog.csdn.net/longxibendi/archive/2011/04/23/6343686.aspx
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

#http://blog.csdn.net/longxibendi/archive/2011/04/23/6343686.aspx

使配置立即生效:
/sbin/sysctl -p

七.在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
1.修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

　　2.平滑重启：
(1)对于Nginx 0.8.x版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload


(2)对于Nginx 0.8.x之前的版本，平滑重启稍微麻烦一些，按照以下步骤进行即可。输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：
ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：
6302
这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：
kill -HUP 6302

或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

或者
ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | xargs kill {}/;

或者

 

kill 1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

八.编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本
1、创建脚本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

输入以下内容：
引用
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`


2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志
crontab -e

输入以下内容：
引用
00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh